College of Liberal Arts & Sciences
8B40.10 - Black Holes
Place the camera looking straight down at the top of the basket. Place the larger and heavier balls very gently into the basket. Replacement of the membrane is necessary when it shows undue wear. Do not leave anything on the membrane during storage as stretching may occur.
The vortex cones need very little work. Clean them with plastic polish and a soft cloth. Note that a pretty fair demonstration of an event horizon occurs when the ball seems to stop its descent and rotate in one plane for several seconds just before it falls into the stand.
- Michael C. LoPresto, "Correction: 'Some Simple Black-Hole Thermodynamics' [Phys. Teach. 41(5), 299–301 (2003)]", TPT, Vol. 41, #6, Sept. 2003, p. 319.
- Michael C. LoPresto, "Some Simple Black Hole Thermodynamics", TPT, Vol. 41, #5, May 2003, p. 299.
- Michael C. Lo Presto and Rima Meroueh, "How Dense Is a Black Hole?", TPT, Vol. 39, #2, Feb. 2001, p. 84.
- Ronald P. Gruber, Alicia D. Gruber, Russell Hamilton, and Stephen M. Matthews, "Space Curvature and the 'Heavy Banana 'Paradox'", TPT, Vol. 29, #3, Mar. 1991, p. 147.
- Emory Kimbrough, "Beyond Balloon Fun", TPT, Vol. 25, #9, Dec. 1987, p. 546.
- Donald E. Hall, "Response", TPT, Vol. 24, #8, Nov. 1986, p. 460.
- Don B. Lichtenberg, "Black Holes Reconsidered", TPT, Vol. 24, #8, Nov. 1986, p. 460.
- Donald E. Hall, "The Hazards of Encountering a Black Hole. Part II: A Variety of Ways to Die", TPT, Vol. 24, #1, Jan. 1986, p. 29.
- Donald E. Hall, "The Hazards of Encountering a Black Hole. Part I: Testing the Limits of Physics", TPT, Vol. 23, #9, Dec. 1985, p. 540.
- Kip S. Thorne, "The Death of a Star", TPT, Vol. 9, #6, Sept. 1971, p. 326.
- John A. Wheeler, "Our Universe: The Known and the Unknown", TPT, Vol. 7, #1, Jan. 1969, p. 24.
- Steven Pakiela, Brett Bolen, Benjamin P. Holder, Monica Rizzo, Shane L. Larson, "Understanding Exotic Black Hole Orbits Using Effective Potentials", AJP, Vol. 92, #9, Sept. 2024, p. 686.
- Bryanne McDonough, Paul Withers, "The Discovery of a Supermassive Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way Galaxy", AJP, Vol. 91, #5, May 2023, p. 386.
- Sebastian J. Szybka, "Black Hole Flyby", AJP, Vol. 89, #8, Aug. 2021, p. 783.
- R. J. Adler, J. D. Bjorken, P. Chen, and J. S. Liu, "Simple Analytical Models of Gravitational Collapse", AJP, Vol. 73, #12, Dec. 2005, p. 1148.
- Edward A. Desloge, "Comment on "Rescue from Falling into a Black Hole," by R. T. Hammond [Am. J. Phys. 56, 27-28 (1988)]", AJP, Vol. 57, #7, July 1989, p. 666.
- Richard T. Hammond, "Rescue from Falling Into a Black Hole", AJP, Vol. 56, #1, Jan. 1988, p. 27.
- James G. Ellingson, "The Deflection of Light by the Sun Due to Three-Space Curvature", AJP, Vol. 55, #8, Aug 1987, p. 759.
- Gary Kessler, "Simple Model for the Emission of Particles by Black Holes", AJP, Vol. 46, #6, June 1978, p. 678.
- Robert W. Brehme, "Inside the Black Hole", AJP, Vol. 45, #5, May 1977, p. 423.
- Robert W. Brehme, "On the Radius of Black Holes", AJP, Vol. 42, #11, Nov. 1974, p. 1039.
- Laura Fattaruso, "How to Make a Midsize Black Hole", Physics Today, Vol. 77, #8, Aug. 2024, p. 12.
- Rachel Berkowitz, "Polarized Light Shows Hot Gas Swirling Around a Galactic Core", Physics Today, Vol. 74, #6, June 2021, p. 16.
- Charles Day, "A Sharper View of our Galaxy's Black Hole", Physics Today, Vol. 69, #2, Feb. 2016, p. 18.
- Georgi Dvali, "Quantum Black Holes", Physics Today, Vol. 66, #1, Jan. 2015, p. 38.
- Stephen K. Blau, "Hawking Radiation from Fluids", Physics Today, Vol. 67, #12, Dec. 2014, p. 23.
- Charles Day, "Why Do Active Galactic Nuclei Differ?", Physics Today, Vol. 67, #7, July 2014, p. 17.
- George Chapline, "A Final Note on the Existence of Event Horizons", Physics Today, Vol. 67, #6, June 2014, p. 10.
- Suvi Gezari, "The Tidal Disruption of Stars by Supermassive Black Holes", Physics Today, Vol. 67, #5, May 2014, p. 37.
- Bertram M. Schwarzschild, "Looking For Microscopic Black Holes", Physics Today, Vol. 67, #5, May 2014, p. 16.
- Steven B. Giddings, "More on Black Holes and Quantum Information", Physics Today, Vol. 66, #11, Nov. 2013, p. 10.
- Tarun Biswas, "More on Black Holes and Quantum Information", Physics Today, Vol. 66, #11, Nov. 2013, p. 10.
- Emil Mottola and Ruslan Vaulin, "More on Black Holes and Quantum Information", Physics Today, Vol. 66, #11, Nov. 2013, p. 9.
- Steven B. Giddings, "Black Holes, Quantum Information, and the Foundations of Physics", Physics Today, Vol. 66, #4, Apr. 2013, p. 30.
- Daniel Clery, "Darkness Made Visible", Science, Vol. 366, # 6472, Dec. 20, 2019, p. 1434.
- Tuan Do, Aurelien Hees, Andrea Ghez, Gregory D. Martinez, Devin S. Chu, Siyao Jia, Shoko Sakai, Jessica R. Lu, Abhimat K. Gautam, Kelly Kosmo O’Neil, Eric E. Becklin, Mark R. Morris, Keith Matthews, Shogo Nishiyama, Randy Campbell, Samantha Chappell, Zhuo Chen, Anna Ciurlo, Arezu Dehghanfar, Eulalia Gallego-Cano, Wolfgang E. Kerzendorf, James E. Lyke, Smadar Naoz, Hiromi Saida, Rainer Schödel, Masaaki Takahashi, Yohsuke Takamori, Gunther Witzel, and, Peter Wizinowich, "Relativistic Redshift of the Star S0-2 Orbiting the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole", Science, Vol. 365, #6454, Aug. 2019, p. 664.
- Shingo Hirano, Takashi Hosokawa, Naoki Yoshida, and Rolf Kuiper, "Supersonic Gas Streams Enhance the Formation of Massive Black Holes in the Early Universe", Science, Vol. 357, #6358, Sept. 2017, p. 1375.
- Adrian Cho, "Space Ripples May Untangle Black Hole Tango", Science, Vol. 356, #6341, June 2017, p. 895.
- Katie Peek, "How It Works: Death By Black Hole", Popular Science, Vol. 287, #4, Apr. 2015, p. 38.
- Kate Baggaley, "What Escapes a Black Hole", Popular Science, Vol. 286, #3, Mar. 2014, p. 26.
- Physics History, "January 1965: Roger Penrose's Seminal Proof of Black Holes", APS News, Vol. 30, #1, Jan. 2021, p. 2.
- Sophia Chen, "First Black Hole Image: In A Nutshell", APS News, Vol. 28, #6, June 2019, p. 7.
- "Twirling Black Holes Caught in the Act", APS News, Vol. 26, #8, Aug/Sept. 2017, p. 1, 6.
- S.W. Hawking, "#9, The Quantum Mechanics of Black Holes", Scientific American Cosmology +1, p. 74. See the Lecture Demo Reference Library in Rm. 58 for this reference.
- Kip S. Thorne, "# 8, The Search for Black Holes", Scientific American Cosmology +1, Dec. 1974, p. 61. See the Lecture Demo Reference Library in Rm. 58 for this reference.
- "S-075. VORTX Funnel Coin Collector", DICK and RAE Physics Demo Notebook, 1993.
- "S-065. Garbage Bag on Trash Can", DICK and RAE Physics Demo Notebook, 1993.
- M-822. Orbital Simulation: Garbage Bag-VORTX-Ball&String", DICK and RAE Physics Demo Notebook, 1993.
- "Black Holes", Secrets of the Universe, International Master Publishers.
- Isaac Asimov, "The Dead-End Middle", Fantasy and Science Fiction Magazine, p. 122 - 132.
- Isaac Asimov, "Beyond the Night Sky", The Roving Mind, p. 177 - 180.
- Robert Ehrlich, "B.1. Gravity and Curved Space-Time", Turning the World Inside Out and 174 Other Simple Physics Demonstrations, p. 13 - 17.
- "Heaviest Black Hole", Guinness Book of World Records, 2003, p. 70.
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