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Code Number: 4F30.01
Demo Title: Hero's Engine
Condition: Good
Principle: Change of Volume & Pressure with Change of State
Area of Study: Thermodynamics
Equipment:
Hero's Engine Demo, Bunsen Burner, Grill Lighter, Teapot with Water, Gas Heater, and Liquid Nitrogen.
Procedure:
Pour boiling water into the engine reservoir until the unit is about half full. Reseal airtight as this demo works on increased internal pressure. Place the Bunsen burner under the unit as indicated for several minutes. The unit will start to rotate when the water inside starts to boil and will continue until the water boils away or the flame is removed. Always empty this unit after use as any small buildup of minerals will plug the outlet tubes.
Another example of a boiling liquid that can be used in Hero's engine is liquid nitrogen. The bottom portion of the cylinder will have to be cooled in liquid nitrogen for several minutes before you will be able to put an appreciable amount in the engine. Warming the liquid nitrogen with a Bunsen burner or a flame will cause it to boil. The engine should act the same as with water.
You can make yourself into a pseudo Hero's engine by using one of the special demonstration fire extinguishers with the tube that can be pointed in different directions. You will rotate in the direction opposite the discharge.
Note that a regular fire extinguisher will not work for this demonstration.
References:
- Thomas B. Greenslade Jr., "Apparatus Named After Our Academic Ancestors - VII", TPT, Vol. 62, #8, Nov. 2024, p. 636.
- B. T. G. Tan, "Physics and the Development of Railway Steam Engines", TPT, Vol. 57, #8, Nov. 2019, p. 538.
- Thomas B. Greenslade Jr., "Aeliophile (Photo)", AJP, Vol. 70, #5, May 2002, p. 512.
- Thomas B. Greenslade Jr., "Hero's Engine (Photo)", AJP, Vol. 70, #5, May 2002, p. 481.
- Lester Hirsch, "An Improved Hero's Engine", AJP, Vol. 46, #7, July 1978, p. 773.
- G. D. Freier and F. J. Anderson, "Hn-5", A Demonstration Handbook for Physics.
- George M. Hopkins, "Mouth Vacuum Apparatus", Experimental Science, p. 106.
- A. D. Bulman, "Jet Propulsion", Model-Making for Physics, p. 76.
- John Henry Pepper, Henry George Hine, The Boy's Playbook of Science, p. 418.
- Rick Beyer, "Ancient Hero", The Greatest Science Stories Never Told, p. 6.
- Julien Clinton Sprott, "2.5, Hero's Engine", Physics Demonstrations, ISBN 0-299-21580-6, p. 77.
- Robert L. Wild, "Hero's Engine", Low-Cost Physics Demonstrations, #20, p. 14.
- Simon Quellen Field, "Hero's Steam Engine", Gonzo Gizmos, p. 136 - 141.
- Robert Ehrlich, "Hero's Engine Made From a Soda Can", Why Toast Lands Jelly-Side Down, p. 69 - 71.
- "Driven by Ideas, Ancient Engineers had the Scientific Knowledge to Build a Steam Engine", The Truth About History, Readers Digest, ISBN 0-7621-0523-2.
- Aubrey F. Burstall, "Hero's Whirling Aeolipile", Simple Working Models of Historic Machines, p. 78.
- Joseph Frick, "# 366 - Heros' Rotating Ball", Physical Technics: Or Practical Instructions for Making Experiments in Physics and the Construction of Physical Apparatus with the Most Limmited Means, p. 439.