Photomultiplier Tubes
Photomultiplier Tube

 

Code Number: 7D30.95

Demo Title: Photomultiplier Tubes and NaI Crystals

Condition: Good

Principle: Detectors

Area of Study: Modern Physics

Equipment: 

Photomultiplier Tubes, NaI Crystals, Mu-Metal Shields.

Procedure:

See also: 9B20.30 in Facilities Support.

The NaI crystals should be kept in a reseal able plastic bag to prevent water absorbing into and degrading the crystals. The Mu-Metal shields are made of a special alloy that helps prevent the penetration by magnetic fields. These are used routinely around photomultiplier tubes as magnetic shields.  

References:

  • Mary Lowe, Alex Spiro, Peter Kutt, "Gamma Camera Imaging in an Undergraduated Physics Course", AJP, Vol. 90, #1, Jan. 2022, p. 51.
  • G. C. Chikkur, M. T. Lagare, and N. Umakantha, "Fluorescence Spectrum of NaI(TI) Crystal: A Laboratory Experiment", AJP, Vol. 47, #8, Aug. 1979, p. 715.
  • P. Venkataramaiah, H. Sanjeeviah, and B. Sanjeevaiah, "Energy Dependence of the Relative Halfwidth of Gamma-Ray Lines in NaI (TI) Crystals - A Laboratory Experiment", AJP, Vol. 46, # 3, Mar. 1978, p. 292.
  • Donal J. Burns, James M. Reynolds, "Simple Experiment to Introduce the Photomultiplier", AJP, Vol. 44, #7, July 1976, p. 649.
  • John H. Moore, Christopher C. Davis, Michael A. Coplan,  "Photoemissive Detectors",  Building Scientific Apparatus 2nd Edition,  pp. 260 - 271.
  • Stilbene Crystal, "A Crystal That Detects Nuclear Radiation (No, Really), Popular Science, Dec. 2015.